If you’re looking to explore the virtualization world and harness the power of running multiple operating systems on a single machine, you’ve come to the right place.
VirtualBox is versatile and widely used open-source virtualization software that allows you to simultaneously run various operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, and macOS, on a single host machine.
In this article, we’ll walk you through installing VirtualBox on Debian 12 (Bookworm), setting up virtual environments, and effortlessly managing virtual machines.
Install VirtualBox on Debian 12 (Bookworm)
Although VirtualBox is primarily aimed at home users, it is also commonly utilized in professional environments. Unfortunately, it is unavailable for installation from the official Debian repositories.
But this should not bother you. We will now show you an effortless way to install VirtualBox on your Debian 12 system. So, let’s get started!
Step 1: Download and Import VirtualBoxโs GPG Keys
Firstly, to ensure that the packages we receive to install VirtualBox are genuine, we should download and import the VirtualBox-signed GPG keys on our Debian 12 system.
To do so, type the following wget command and pipe the output to the gpg tool:
wget -O- -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc | sudo gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/oracle_vbox_2016.gpgCode language: Bash (bash)
Notice that the command produces no output.
Step 2: Add VirtualBox Repository for Debian 12
After importing the GPG keys, weโll add the official VirtualBox repository to our Debian 12 system. So, if a new version is released, the update package will be available with the rest of your systemโs regular updates.
To accomplish it, type the command shown below.
echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/oracle_vbox_2016.gpg] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian bookworm contrib" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.listCode language: Bash (bash)
Step 3: Run System Update
Before installing VirtualBox on our Debian 12 system, we should update the list of available packages. So, run the below command to update the APT repositories index.
sudo apt updateCode language: Bash (bash)
As you can see, our new VirtualBox repository is now available and ready to be used.
Step 4: Install VirtualBox on Debian 12 (Bookworm)
Everything is already prepared for the actual installation. Now, to install VirtualBox on Debian 12, run the following commands:
sudo apt install virtualbox-7.1Code language: Bash (bash)
That’s all. The VirtualBox is installed and ready for use on your Debian 12 Linux system.
Step 5: Install VirtualBox Extension Pack (Optional)
This is an optional step, but I strongly encourage it because it will make working with VirtualBox on your Debian system more straightforward and convenient.
VirtualBox Extension Pack unlocks many great features, such as:
- USB 2 and USB 3 support
- VirtualBox Remote Desktop Protocol (VRDP)
- Host webcam passthrough
- Disk image encryption with AES algorithm
- Intel PXE boot ROM
However, one peculiarity should be highlighted here. The VirtualBox Extension Pack’s version is recommended to match the version of VirtualBox installed on your Debian 12 system.
So, to verify the exact one of the installed locally VirtualBox, you can use vboxmanage, a build-in VirtualBoxโs command:
vboxmanage -v | cut -dr -f1Code language: Bash (bash)
As you can see, the installed VirtualBox version is 7.1.0. Therefore, it is recommended that the Extension Pack with the same version be downloaded.
However, if your installation is different, replace both places containing “7.1.0” in the command below with the current version. You can also go straight to the downloads page and look at the available versions.
wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/7.1.0/Oracle_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.1.0.vbox-extpackCode language: Bash (bash)Next, to install the VirtualBox Extension pack, run the vboxmanage command as follows:
sudo vboxmanage extpack install Oracle_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.1.0.vbox-extpackCode language: Bash (bash)When prompted to agree to Oracleโs license terms and conditions, type “y” to confirm and press “Enter.”
You can verify that the extension pack was installed correctly by running the following:
vboxmanage list extpacksCode language: PHP (php)
Step 6: Add User to the vboxusers Group
Before using VirtualBox, add your user account to the vboxusers group. This is quick and simple to accomplish by running:
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $USERCode language: Bash (bash)Now, perform a reboot. After login, check that you are in the vboxusers group with this command:
groups $USERCode language: Bash (bash)
Running VirtualBox on Debian 12
You can start using VirtualBox by launching it from the desktop environmentโs application menu.
Hit the โNewโ button and start virtualizing your ideas!
How to Uninstall VirtualBox
If you want to uninstall VirtualBox from your Debian 12 box for any reason, you can easily do so by running the command below.
sudo apt purge virtualbox-7.1Code language: Bash (bash)Then, additionally, you can also “clean” your system from unnecessary package dependencies and finally remove the VirtualBox repository itself from the list of available ones:
sudo apt autoremove
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.listCode language: Bash (bash)Conclusion
VirtualBox provides an invaluable platform for developers, IT professionals, and enthusiasts to test applications and OSes in isolated environments. It safeguards the host system from potential conflicts and adverse effects.
Following our step-by-step guide, you can harness VirtualBox’s full potential, enabling it to run multiple operating systems on a single machine seamlessly.
However, VirtualBox isnโt the only player in the virtualization gameโVMware Workstation is another excellent and reliable option. If youโre thinking about giving it a try, weโve got you covered with a step-by-step guide on setting it up in Debian 12.
Lastly, I recommend checking theย official documentationย for individuals who want to learn more about VirtualBox’s features and how to use them effectively.
Thanks for your time! Your feedback and comments are most welcome.
